Cambridge 14 Writing Task 1 Test 3 - Sample Answers (Band 9 to 4-5)

The diagram illustrates the process by which a hydroelectric power station generates electricity, from the storage of water to its eventual distribution as usable power.

Overall, the process involves eight distinct stages, beginning with water storage in a reservoir and ending with its return to the river, and it relies on the conversion of gravitational and kinetic energy into electrical energy through a turbine and generator.

The process begins when a dam creates a reservoir that stores water at a high elevation. This stored water is then released through intake gates, after which it flows downward through a wide pipe known as a penstock, gaining considerable kinetic energy as it descends due to gravity. At the base of the penstock, the fast-moving water strikes the blades of a turbine, causing it to spin rapidly.

This spinning motion drives a generator, which converts the mechanical energy of the turning shaft into electrical energy. The electricity produced is subsequently passed through a transformer, which raises its voltage to make it suitable for long-distance transmission via overhead power lines to homes and businesses. Finally, once it has passed through the turbine, the water itself is discharged back into the river downstream of the dam, completing the cycle.

The diagram shows the stages involved in generating electricity at a hydroelectric power station.

Overall, the process has eight main stages, starting with water being stored in a reservoir and ending with the water being released back into the river, and it works by turning the movement of water into electrical energy.

First, a dam is built to create a reservoir that stores water at a high level. The water is then released through intake gates and flows down through a large pipe called a penstock, gaining speed and energy as it falls due to gravity. At the bottom, the fast-flowing water hits the blades of a turbine, making it spin.

The spinning turbine is connected to a generator, which turns this movement into electricity. This electricity then passes through a transformer, which increases its voltage so it can travel long distances through power lines to reach towns and cities. Finally, the water that has passed through the turbine flows back into the river below the dam.

The diagram gives information about how a hydroelectric power station makes electricity.

Overall, there are eight stages in the process, starting with storing water in a reservoir and ending with the water going back into the river.

First, a dam is built across a river to create a reservoir, which stores a large amount of water. The water is released through intake gates and flows down a pipe called a penstock, becoming faster as it goes down. This fast water hits a turbine at the bottom, which makes it spin.

The turbine is connected to a generator, which changes the movement into electricity. The electricity then goes through a transformer, which makes the voltage higher so it can travel far away through power lines to towns and cities. After the water goes through the turbine, it flows back into the river. This final stage completes the cycle, allowing the river to continue flowing downstream while the energy captured earlier is sent out to homes and businesses as usable electricity.

The diagram give information about how hydroelectric power station make electricity.

Overall, there is eight stage in the process, starting with storing water in reservoir and ending with the water going back into river.

First, dam is build across river to create reservoir, which store large amount of water. The water is release through intake gate and flow down pipe called penstock, becoming faster as it go down. This fast water hit turbine at bottom, which make it spin.

The turbine is connect to generator, which change the movement into electricity. The electricity then go through transformer, which make the voltage higher so it can travel far away through power line to town and city. After the water go through turbine, it flow back into river. This final stage complete the cycle, allowing the river to continue flowing downstream while the energy capture earlier is send out to home and business as usable electricity.